@HellballYou ask how to deal with those patterns.
My impression is that you simply lack experience in certain positions, and your tactical skills can probably be much improved over time.
The Ng5 move was not very dangerous, and an experienced player would "see through that".
Make sure you don't "see ghosts". Stick to the facts, and train yourself to improve your chess calculation and intuition.
On the other hand, in that position :
Black has chosen for a very closed pawn structure, with very little play.
There's basically no open files, which makes all (yes, all) black pieces passive or almost passive.
I'd say that the black queen is kind of active, but the bishop is a bad bishop, and the 2 rooks are passive, while the black knight is not really happy on e7 and neither on f5.
Even when the black knight came to f5 you can see that it is a "lone wolf". There's no cooperation and proper coordination between that knight and the other black pieces.
You must find a balance between attack and defense.
Learning when to move which pieces to the attack and when not (because sometimes players play too many pieces back for the defense, while lacking manouvre space, and therefore getting into trouble against stronger players who know how to exploit that)
I would like to advise you to check the game of GM Ulf Andersson. He's been a very good defender. I believe that players like Karpov almost never won with the black pieces against Ulf.
You also must work on your tactics.
Tactics are good, in attack and defense, and also in an endgame (rook endgames, pawn endgames, all can involve tactics).
A 1400 tactics rating here of yours leaves quite some room for improvement.
You did quite some puzzles here, but it is good to do a few puzzles every day. Do that for at least 3 or 4 months.
Get into that discipline to improve your chess daily.
Now I do 5 puzzles every day during breakfast (one from chessvideo.tv, one daily puzzle from
chess.com, and 3 from chesstempo. Before I did 4 of them since > 1 year).
Good luck, enjoy your chess !